[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 26
Potential therapies for EMT in COPD At present, bronchodilators (short-acting Beta2-agonists (SABA) and long-acting Beta2-agonists (LABA)), antimuscarinic drugs (short-acting antimuscarinics (SAMAs), and Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs)), methylxanthines (Theophylline), anti-inflammatory agents, Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), antibiotics, mucolytic (mucokinetics and dmucoregulators), antioxidant agents ( N -acetylcysteine, carbocysteine, and erdosteine) and Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors are commonly used drugs for the treatment of COPD [1]
Vapes contain E-liquids and (in most cases) nicotine, both of which are recognised to discolour your smile
In some high-income countries, particularly the United Kingdom, New Zealand and the United States, e-cigarettes have become increasingly popular, especially among adults who smoke and are seeking to quit [6,7,8]