Since the extent of smoke entrapment was found to be sensitive to the pressure drops along different parts of the cigarette rod, any pressure barriers present downstream will affect the extend of the entrapment
For all the imperfections of the data, there is every reason to believe that Italian female smoking did increase in those decades
At the same time as they were concealing the ill-effects of smoking, tobacco companies were pushing an image of smoking as 'cool', through iconic adverts such as the Marlboro Man and the Virginia Slims female empowerment campaigns
[13] As of 2008 to 2010, tobacco is used by about 49% of men and 11% of women aged 15 or older in fourteen low-income and middle-income countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, Philippines, Russia, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Vietnam), with about 80% of this usage in the form of smoking