Interstitial cystitis can also occur in domestic cats (Felis catus) and has been reported sporadically in other mammals, including cheetahs, dogs, llamas, and potbellied pigs.4,5 The central role of inflammation has been confirmed in the pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis, although the etiology of interstitial cystitis remains mostly unknown.6 Glycosaminoglycans make up a portion of the bladder mucosa
After decades with no disease-modifying drug, 20242026 finally delivered the first targeted therapies: Novartis ianalumab met both NEPTUNUS-1 & NEPTUNUS-2 Phase 3 endpoints and won FDA Breakthrough Therapy status in Jan 2026, and J&Js nipocalimab was positive in the Phase 2 DAHLIAS trial ( The Lancet )
Each vial delivers a potent concentration of 5 mg/mL, ideal for treating severe deficiency, supporting parenteral nutrition, and optimizing patient outcomes in hospital, clinic, or pharmacy settings
Localize when possible