Disclosure of interest: Malini V Sagar: funding from Innovation Fund Denmark and Herlev & Gentofte Hospital's internal research fund, Christian H Krag: funding from Innovation Fund Denmark, Karen L Gandrup: nothing to disclose, Mikael P Boesen: nothing to disclose, Christina R Kruuse: local PI for trials by Bayer A/S and Bristol Myers Squibb Ab, grant recipient of the Novo Nordisk Foundation, Lundbeck Foundation, and Trygfonden
"My other problem is I get a LOT of yeast infections" I had lots of fungal infections eg athlete's foot, ringworm, dandruff (like a snowstorm) and thrush before I got enough B12
What the human evidence looks like How many human studies exist The 2025 systematic review by Vasireddi, Hahamyan, Salata, and colleagues in HSS Journal is the most rigorous available assessment of the BPC-157 literature (19932024) for orthopedic and sports medicine applications
Lower NAD+ means reduced sirtuin activity (SIRT1, SIRT3), which further impairs mitochondrial function and fatty acid oxidation in fat cells