Superoxide (O 2 - ) anions are scavenged by redox enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), whereas H 2 O 2 by catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), GSH-peroxidase (GPx), thioredoxin peroxidase (Trx), and peroxiredoxins (Prdx) 556
Key molecular mechanisms include mitochondrial reverse electron transport activation induced by mutant proto-oncogenes KRAS/BRAF [385], oxidative inactivation of DNA repair enzymes leading to mutation accumulation [386], and constitutive activation of NRF2 pathway [387]
Moulton, [email protected] This article was submitted to Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology Disclaimer All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers
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