Pros Cons Not available in every state Measured yourself with syringes and needles instead of coming in a pre-filled pen Not covered by insurance Potential side effects and risks of compounded tirzepatide Some common side effects include swelling, redness, and itching at the injection site

hospitalization required Maintenance of Remission: Immunomodulators (azathioprine, 6-MP, methotrexate) for steroid-dependent or frequently-relapsing disease Biologic monotherapy or combination therapy (biologic + immunomodulator) for moderate-to-severe disease Step-up or top-down approach based on disease severity, patient risk factors, and prior therapy Biologic Therapy Targets: TNF-: Infliximab (IV), adalimumab (SC), certolizumab pegol (SC) IL-12/23: Ustekinumab (IV induction, SC maintenance) Integrin: Vedolizumab (IV) IL-23: Risankizumab (IV induction, SC maintenance) JAK inhibition: Upadacitinib (oral) Surgical Management Surgery is indicated in approximately 7080% of patients with Crohns disease over their lifetime, per StatPearls
The rest is better guided by measurement than by default
Over-the-counter and prescription creams containing ingredients like hydroquinone, kojic acid, vitamin C, and retinoids can help lighten skin over time