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Sage AT, Walter LA, Shi Y, Khan MI, Kaneto H, Capretta A, Werstuck GH (2010) Hexosamine biosynthesis pathway flux promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipid accumulation, and inflammatory gene expression in hepatic cells

Both work through the same mechanism, slowing down tyrosinase activity to reduce melanin

The course of the disease is dependent on the organisms ability to spread to multiple organ systems, including the lungs, liver, spleen, and lymphatic system

Following the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol, with the presence of ATP, it facilitates the activation of caspase-9 which then activates caspase-3 and the other effector caspases (Schuler et al., 2000)