In vitro cultures of cisplatin-treated GCs to which metformin was added have displayed a significant reduction in the expression of senescence markers (p21, p16, and NF-B) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) markers, IL-6 and IL-1, and in a number of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-gal)-staining cells, and ultimately, improved functional and structural changes occurred in cisplatin-induced POF mice (Lin et al., 2022)
Moreover, these selenoproteins act as antioxidant enzymes that influence eicosanoid synthesis (lipid mediators involved in inflammatory responses), thereby affecting the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids and exerting an anti-inflammatory effect (237)
Together, ferroptosis and melanocyte loss are characterized by mitochondrial malformations, glutathione peroxidase inactivation, p53 elevation, ROS accumulation, and lipid peroxidation (98, 99)
Differences in demographic and baseline factors between patients and controls were calculated using t tests for continuous variables, and chi-square analyses for dichotomous variables
