For younger men who might want children in the future, or for those who prefer a more natural approach to hormone optimization, HCG monotherapy presents an option worth discussing with healthcare providers
So yeah, that whole spectrum
This is supported by studies showing decreased albuminuria and slower loss of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), especially among diabetic patients or those with chronic kidney disease
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040365 Philippova M, Joshi MB, Pfaff D, Kyriakakis E, Maslova K, Erne P, Resink TJ (2012) T-cadherin attenuates insulin-dependent signalling, eNOS activation, and angiogenesis in vascular endothelial cells