For further scientific reading, check out these peer-reviewed research studies on the peptides we offer:
Food Chem Toxicol 121:450457 Castillo-Gonzalez DA, Dorsey-Trevino EG, Gonzalez-Gonzalez JG, Garcia-Leal M, Bautista-Orduo KG, Raygoza K, Gionfriddo MR, Ospina NMS, Rodriguez-Gutierrez R (2020) A deeper analysis in thyroid research: a meta-epidemiological study of the American Thyroid Association clinical guidelines
Two principal mechanisms have been proposed: the classical transferrin-dependent pathway and the transcytosis model ( + is reduced to Fe + , exported into the cytosol by divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), and subsequently released across the abluminal membrane via ferroportin 1 (FPN1), followed by re-oxidation through ceruloplasmin before entering the brain parenchyma (172, 173)
It is noteworthy that the lipid peroxidation and metabolic disorders of intracellular LOOHs are mainly related to iron metabolism (Figure 1B), glutathione (GSH)-dependent pathway (Figure 1C), and coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10 )-dependent pathway (Figure 1D)
