Serum insulin was measured using a mouse insulin ELISA kit (#SEKM-0141, Solarbio, Beijing, China), and insulin resistance was calculated using a homeostasis model assessment-2 (HOMA2) index via an online calculator on the Diabetes Trials Unit of the University of Oxford website ( (accessed on 6 April 2024)
After extensive experiments, MC3181 was deemed the more promising compound of the two, due to it having a 50-fold rise in aqueous solubility and higher selectivity toward GST
Water(Aqua), Glycerin, Acrylates Copolymer, **Niacinamide, Carrageenan, Butylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol, Glucomannan, Hydroxyacetophenone, Cellulose Gum, Calcium Chloride, Ceratonia Siliqua (Carob) Gum, Allantoin, Gardenia Florida Fruit Extract, Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate, Potassium Chloride, Propanediol, Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba (Guar) Gum, Sucrose, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Dextrin, Adenosine, Caprylyl Glycol, Arginine, Ethylhexylglycerin, Panthenol, Sodium Phytate, Sphingomonas Ferment Extract, **Glutathione, Phosphatidylcholine, Squalane, Acetyl Glucosamine, **Arbutin, **Alpha-Arbutin, **Ascorbic Acid, **Kojic Acid, Centella Asiatica Extract, Citrus Limon (Lemon) Fruit Extract, Sodium Hyaluronate, Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate, Tocopheryl Acetate, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid, Hyaluronic Acid, Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer, Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate, Potassium Hyaluronate
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Plant GSTome: structure and functional role in xenome network and plant stress response
