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Silvestre, F

Mechanisms of action Preclinical studies document: Anxiolytic effect without sedation in classical tests (elevated plus maze, open field, light-dark box) GABAergic system modulation : allosteric potentiation of GABA-A observed ex vivo Enkephalin increase (endogenous opioid peptide) and serotonergic modulation Immunomodulatory effects inherited from tuftsin: macrophage activation, T-helper modulation Behavioural models Anxiolysis is measured via time spent in open arms of the elevated plus maze (EPM), visit ratio of central zones of open field , and exit latency in light-dark box

They accomplish this by inhibiting the breakdown of cGMP catalyzed by PDE5, thereby facilitating smooth muscle relaxation, enhancing blood flow to the penis, and sustaining erection [196]

Liu et al., 2023